Method and apparatus for drying materials in sacks and the like.



H. P. DINESEN. METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DRYING MATERIALS IN SACKS AND THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. 25, I916.

Patented uly 2, 1918. 3 SHEETS-SHEET I was Nmwls Pnsns cw FHDTD-l-ITN a, WASHING run, 0. c.

H. P. DINESEN. METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DRYING MATERIALS IN SACKS AND THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED lAN25. I9I6.'

Patented July 2, 1918.

3 HEETS man 2 H. P. DINESEN. METHOD AND APPARATUS FOR DRYI NG MATERIALS IN SACKS AND THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED mus. 1916. 1 ,2'71,293. Patented July 2,1918.

' '3 SHEETS-SBEET 3.

rrEns TEs PATENT oFnro i ET- E N HERLi'S IDEN MARK.

MET OD AND APPARATUS ron DRYING MATERIALS In sAcKs Ann running l t m' m mom: Be it known that I, HANs PETER DINEs n, engineer, of Herl ov, in the; Kingdom.-io Denmark have invented certain new and. useful Improvementsin or ,Relati ng to a Method and A pparatus for Drying Materials in Sacks and the like of. which the following is a specification. w j, 7' I The present invention relates to a methodfor drying materials in: sacks and apparatus to be used by the application of the method. The invention aims chiefly at obtaining a cheap and .good a drying v of. corn, seed, and other agriculturalproduce at the place of origin, so that the great losses byconveying andstoring moist corn and seed are avoided. The invention. may however beapplied for drying all sorts of granular, gritty, a fibrousv or knotty materials which may be contained insacks orsimilar porousvessels.

In the accompanying drawing+ Figure l showsa cross section of apparatus with a sack of dried, v I 7; Fig. 2 shows a drying apparatus without sacks in 'a front view Fig. 3 shows 7 modified form drying apparatus,v A

Fig. 4 shows a cross section ofanother modification of the drying apparatus for two rows of sacks, f V Y 1 a Figs. 5, 6 and7 showanadditional modification of a drying apparatus in cross section," plan and longitudinal sectiontogether with several details of constructiomg, p Figs. 8 and 0 are cross sections through modifications of my, apparatus with special arrangements. I I p In Fig. 1 the numl r 1 designates .a sack containing the materialwhich is to be dried, and 2 an airrshaft of. triangular, or square cross section. One of the, walls ofthe airshaft consists of a traverse vp1ank 3 above and a similar thicker plankor. beam 7 below. Between these planks are, rranged, crosse pieces 4, 5 and 6 which-at thetop rest upon theplank 3 and below meetthe plank 7 and rest upon this orupon'aspecial plank 22.. The crossepiecesfl, 5.and 6 .are. given a shape, so that they together with the planks 3 and 7 make frames around holes 8 in." the a yi material to be a cross section through a wallof'theair-shaft .9 is the s ide-v val-l ofv the air shaft andlO the bottom'of the shaft', which tests 7 upon beam 11 and simuItaner y, m y. farm. eofi s i i s rmsse mp Specification of Letters Patent. 1 A Application filedJanuary 25, 1916. Serial m. 74,224. a V

T P ea ewi im,

12 andl3 are pieces which fill '7 between the xcross-pie'ces. 5, 6. and the plank 7 14 being pieces which fill in the corners be-Y tween the cross-pieces 5,6 and the plank; 3. The parts 3', 5 6, 7 and .12, .13, 14: are ad usted so that they form a support for the sack and fitto'its shape. -15 (Fig. 2) isan air-pipe which is connected witha transport-l a le apparatusyfor supplying or removing air, and,16 is a valve for regulating or cutting oil. the air. A

The drying is executed in theiollowing manner. v I

t win. 1,? .1

Sackslcontaining materials to be dried are placed over all. the holes; in the; air-shaft, so that each of'thesackssrestsuponandrby its own weight everywherefits tightlyhto the border of the, holeS. Therebylthe. sacks with their contents together with the" pieces and 12, 13,14 will form apart1t1on between the chamber in they shat 2" andthe outer air, bywhich the shaft+pieces are impenetrable, while-the sacks withtheir contents form'a porous part ofthe partitionl A difi'erenceof pressure at thetwqsides of the partition'is-now produced withgthe 113-, sult that the air flows from theJchamber with the higher pressurejthroughthe sacks with the materials to be driedto the chamber withthe lower pressure andgthfereby removes moisture from the materialtobe dried. To accelerate the drying aotion hated'sair may lee-used inqthe s aft 2101: in thespaceonthe opposite, side of the bags, according -;to the relative pressure on said sides it. being'ide-f sired -that the. hot airshould .be drawn or forced through the-bags; and; their .-c on-- from any source of; hot air; supply nor/be heated on the spot, it is unnecessary to;illus trate any especial heating device.- ,f The instalment may be very simply con: structed-in such a mannerthat an ordinary tents. As" the air may obviously. be derived stove heats the; air in the-chamber where the and is removed from thelat'teriThe in stalment may alsojbeiconstructed-insucha manner, a that the air is heated in a T special heating j apparatus andby' means of'avblower the iil ie.gs 'pressednifitdz theii shaft 2:51am

which it flows out in the outer air through the sacks with their contents. The last method must as a rule be prelierred by all bigger instalments, as hereby loss of'heat through the walls of the chamber is prevented. v

:In F g.. 3 is illustrated a y g appara u with a number if sacks arranged above a common, big opening. The sao'k's are arranged in such a manner that they together cover-the opening completely; and the dryi ng takes place in the above described manner.

In Fig. 4; is "illustrated ,a drying apparatus for two rows of sacks, having the'arrange. 1,5, which at the top ment the air-pipe is closed by a carrying plank 17, is introduced between the rows of sacks and by means of openings with flap-valves 19 connected with a shaft 52in front of each sack, the valves 19 turning aroundpins QOL-and being provided with projections 21 The sack being put down presses against the-projection 21 and opens the valve 19'whereby the air "can pass through the sacks. As the latter be of dilierent size and density and therefore may ofier a somewhat different opposition tethe passage ofthe air, the holes 18 n ay have different sizes'or [the b e 1 fit Q biggest and most tight sacks may be arranged in front of the "holes with'the biggest opening, The apparatus shown in Figs. 1-3 may of coursebe executed double as shown in-Fi g. 4, and'the'arrangement illustrated in this figure can also be applied by Fi s. 1-3.

The abovedescribed apparatus'are especially to be applied for drying materials with small friction, permitting the sack to alter its-shape con 'iderably in the apparatus. When-used with wet materials and materials of'greatfriction the sa k will'only closewith narrow edge of the frame, and in theseplaces the air therefore will only havequite'a shortway to pass through the material to be dried. Toina'ke the supportingflats: broader and fashion them com? pletely afterthesaek makes the apparatus rather costly and is not quite satisfactory, especially when the-sacks are of different size. I

This drawbaok'i's removed by the apparatus-shown in Figs.'57, in which the sides and the top of the 'frame are provided with double edges, sot/hat the sack willrest upon two fr-ames, one outside of the other. Thus the beam 3 is provided with two pieces ll whichfform the support of' the sack. The cross-pieces 5 and 6 are provided with lists 24%, so?" hat the sack at the sides will rest upon tour parallel edges 25-. Between the crossgpiecesi 51, 6 and the l-ists24 are inserted smallipiecesflfi. 1twin sasi1yteseen from Fig. that the variable openings, and the By the apparatus shown in Figs. 57 the frame maybe adjustable thereby that'the cross-piece 6 with the'list 24 and the pieces 26 and 13 is movable laterally. The joint between the concurrent cross-pieces 6 (Figs. 67)"i's.cover ed by a plate 29, and the crosspieces may be kept in position by means of spacing pieces 30.- Instead of moving the cross-piece 6 the lists 24 and the pieces 26 may also be adjusted and "kept in position by means of spacing pieces 30. Thereby the whole inner frame with the'piec'es' 12 and "13 will be stationary and only one or both lateigzil'parts of the outer frame will be mov- H. "8!

Finally "the; apparatus may be adjusted for sacks ofdifferent length, the top plank 3 which carries the lists ll being movable in the longitudinal direction of the sacks and adjustable in diflerent positions, as a l'ist 28 "on the plank 3 rests upon fixed lists 27 which are arranged upon a beam, thelatter beingfastened to the wall 9 of the shaft.

The air-shaft 2 inmost cases has the shape shown in-the drawing, the fiat carrying the sacks 'slopingat an angle of 09-75% preferably between 30 and with a horizontal plane, and the lower frame-piece 7 being placed near the 'flo'or. This construction is both good and cheap and specially adapted for conveying'the 'drying material by sackcar. I

' In Figs. 89' areshown two modifications of an arrangement which is placed uponthe drying apparatus and by means of which the latteralso may-be applied for the drying of;substanceswliichcan not "be put into sacks or the like vessels. y

In Fig. '8 a grate 31 carrying the material 32to be dried is placed above the sacks l. The grate 31 is fastened by means of hinges 33' to the lengthenedbaek' 9 and has such a shape that a closed'cha'n'lber fil is created abovethesack's, the chamber 34 being only by mean's' of the openings in the grate 31 connectedw-ith the outer air. During the dry ng process the air penetrates into the ber' 34c andfronfhere through the openings in Y the grate 31' and upward through the material to be dried "32. Thedrying air thus will be used twice, whereby the thermic effect of the apparatus is heightened. When the sacks 1 are to be changed the grate 31 is pushed upward, the same turning around its hinges 33.

In Fig. 9 the grate 31 is arranged resting upon the borders 24 which surround the sacks. When the grate is not in use, it is turned upward around hinges as in Fig. 8 or completely removed.

aving now described and ascertained the nature of my-said invention I declare that what I claim is:

1. In combination with the walls of an air space normally left open on one side, a frame occupying this side and provided with openings adapted to be filled by sacks of material in order that the sacks may constitute the greater part of a wall of said space, compelling air to pass through them when a difference of air pressure is established between said space and the opposite side of said sacks.

2. In combination with the walls of an air space which has an obliquely arranged open side, an inclined frame fitting said side and provided with an opening or openings adapted to be filled by bags of material resting in said frame in inclined position, in

, order that air may pass through said bags into or out of said space material.

3. In combination with the walls of an air space, an inclined frame provided with one for drying such or more openings and adapted to support material in incompleting one side of said one or more filled bags of clined position,

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space but permitting air to pass through sald bags, the said frame being provided with a double border surrounding each opening partly or wholly, for the better support of said bags.

In combination with the walls of an air space, an inclined frame for holding one or more bags of material completing one side of mitting air to pass through said bags, the said frame being provided with parts adjustable longitudinally of the bags.

In combination with the Walls of an air space, an inclined frame for holding one or more bags of material in inclined position, completing one side of said space and permitting air to pass through said bags, the said frame being provided with parts adjustable laterally of thebags.

n apparatus of the character described comprising a support having openings therein, said support adapted to receive sacks containing material which is to be dried and the said sacks adapted to rest over said openings, and means for supplying air to (or withdrawing air from) the said support whereby the air will pass through in inclined position the sacks with the material to be dried as set forth.

' In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

HANS PETER DIN ESEN Witnesses:

AGNUS YENsEN, MARTIN YENsEN.

Washington, D. 0.

said space and per- 

